Articles | Volume 70, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-265-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-265-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Standard article
| 
06 Oct 2015
Standard article |
| 06 Oct 2015
Methods for detecting channel bed surface changes in a mountain torrent – experiences from the Dorfbach torrent
C. Willi
WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
University of Bern, Institute of Geography, Bern, Switzerland
now at: Ernst Basler + Partner, Zollikon, Switzerland
WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Y. Deubelbeiss
WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
University of Bern, Institute of Geography, Bern, Switzerland
Related authors
No articles found.
Mauro Fischer, Mario Kummert, Reto Aeschbacher, Christoph Graf, Alexis Rüeger, Philippe Schoeneich, Markus Zimmermann, and Margreth Keiler
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1190, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1190, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Due to climate change, the hazard for debris flows originating in glacier forefields or areas dominated by seasonal to perennial frost is increasing. Hazard assessment for this type of debris flows is especially difficult as records of past events are typically scarce or inexistent. We therefore developed a multi-methods approach for scenario building and runout modelling for pro- and periglacial debris flows triggered by precipitation events and applied it to a catchment in the Swiss Alps.
Andrew Mitchell, Sophia Zubrycky, Scott McDougall, Jordan Aaron, Mylène Jacquemart, Johannes Hübl, Roland Kaitna, and Christoph Graf
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1627–1654, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1627-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1627-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Debris flows are complex, surging movements of sediment and water. Discharge observations from well-studied debris-flow channels were used as inputs for a numerical modelling study of the downstream effects of chaotic inflows. The results show that downstream impacts are sensitive to inflow conditions. Inflow conditions for predictive modelling are highly uncertain, and our method provides a means to estimate the potential variability in future events.
Mark Bawa Malgwi, Sven Fuchs, and Margreth Keiler
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2067–2090, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2067-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2067-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Mitigation planning and economic loss assessment generally rely on flood damage prediction models. However, unavailability of empirical data has limited the use of such models in data-scarce areas. This paper combines the vulnerability indicator and damage grade approach to develop a conceptual framework for predicting building damage in data-scarce regions. The framework can be implemented using only expert knowledge and facilitates transferability of flood damage models in data-scarce areas.
Isabelle Gärtner-Roer and Christoph Graf
Geogr. Helv., 75, 135–137, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-75-135-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-75-135-2020, 2020
R. Boesch and C. Graf
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13, 215–219, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-215-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-215-2019, 2019
Veronika Röthlisberger, Andreas P. Zischg, and Margreth Keiler
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2431–2453, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-2431-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-2431-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the role of building value estimation schemes within flood exposure analyses on regional to national scales. Our results for Switzerland suggest that models based on individual buildings produce more reliable results than models based on surface area, but only if they consider the buildings' volume. Simple models tend to underestimate the exposure, which results in suboptimal allocation of resources for protection measures in decision making processes based on cost efficiency.
Sven Fuchs, Margreth Keiler, and Thomas Glade
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1203–1206, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1203-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1203-2017, 2017
Jorge A. Ramirez, Umamaheshwaran Rajasekar, Dhruvesh P. Patel, Tom J. Coulthard, and Margreth Keiler
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-544, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-544, 2016
Preprint retracted
Short summary
Short summary
Surat, India has a population of 4.5 million and lies on the banks of the river Tapi and is located downstream from a dam that repeatedly floods the city. Floods in Surat may increase in occurrence due to urbanization and climate change. We have developed a model that floods 50 % of the city and exposes > 60 % of the population and critical infrastructure. We highlight how modeling has contributed to changes in flood risk management and resulted in actions that increase city resilience.
S. Fuchs, M. Keiler, and A. Zischg
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2127–2142, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2127-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2127-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
A spatially explicit object-based temporal assessment of buildings and citizens exposed to natural hazards in Austria is presented, including elements at risk of river flooding, torrential flooding, and snow avalanches. It is shown that the repeatedly stated assumption of increasing losses due to continued population growth and related increase in assets has to be opposed to the local development of building stock, which is spatially and temporally variable.
K. Schraml, B. Thomschitz, B. W. McArdell, C. Graf, and R. Kaitna
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1483–1492, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1483-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1483-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper we used two different numerical simulation models to replicate two debris-flow events in Austria and compare the range and sensitivity of the model input parameters. We expect that our results contribute to a better application of simulation models for hazard and risk assessment in alpine regions.
M. Stähli, C. Graf, C. Scheidl, C. R. Wyss, and A. Volkwein
Geogr. Helv., 70, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-1-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-1-2015, 2015
B. Mazzorana, S. Simoni, C. Scherer, B. Gems, S. Fuchs, and M. Keiler
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3817–3836, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3817-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3817-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Physical Geography
Patrimoine géologique et géomorphologique : base pour le géotourisme et la création d'un géoparc UNESCO dans le Dahar (Sud-est tunisien)
Chancen, Herausforderungen und Risiken der Inwertsetzung des regionalen Geo-Erbes: Geotopschutz und Geotourismus im Spannungsfeld unterschiedlichster Interessen
The potential of fragipans in sustaining pearl millet during drought periods in north-central Namibia
The 1513 Monte Crenone rock avalanche: numerical model and geomorphological analysis
Evolution of fluvial environments and history of human settlements on the Ticino river alluvial plain
Schmidt hammer exposure-age dating of periglacial and glacial landforms in the Southern Swiss Alps based on R-value calibration using historical data
Assessing the ecological value of dynamic mountain geomorphosites
Assessing hillslope sediment generation potential by tree throw: a preliminary field study along a small river valley in the Jura Mountains, northwest Switzerland
Glacial lake outburst flood hazard assessment by satellite Earth observation in the Himalayas (Chomolhari area, Bhutan)
Reconstruction and actual trends of landslide activities in Bruust–Haltiwald, Horw, canton of Lucerne, Switzerland
Monitoring the crisis of a rock glacier with repeated UAV surveys
Regional-scale inventory of periglacial moving landforms connected to the torrential network system
Piecing together the Lateglacial advance phases of the Reussgletscher (central Swiss Alps)
A study of the Würm glaciation focused on the Valais region (Alps)
Last Glacial Maximum precipitation pattern in the Alps inferred from glacier modelling
Avalanche fatalities in the European Alps: long-term trends and statistics
Challenges and solutions for long-term permafrost borehole temperature monitoring and data interpretation
Introduction to the special issue of Geographica Helvetica: "Mapping, measuring and modeling in geomorphology"
Risiko des Eintrags von Phosphor in den Hallwilersee durch Bodenerosion
The use of a raindrop aggregate destruction device to evaluate sediment and soil organic carbon transport
Investigation on protalus ramparts in the Swiss Alps
Improvements in 3-D digital mapping for geomorphological and Quaternary geological cartography
Ground temperature variations in a talus slope influenced by permafrost: a comparison of field observations and model simulations
The influence of terracettes on the surface hydrology of steep-sloping and subalpine environments: some preliminary findings
Experimentelle Erkundung von Wildbächen, Murgängen, Hangrutschungen und Steinschlag: Aktuelle Beispiele der WSL
Editorial Publishing physical geography papers in Geographica Helvetica
Implications of climate change on Glacier de la Plaine Morte, Switzerland
Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung auf die schweizerische Wasserkraftnutzung
Topoclimatological case-study of Alpine pastures near the Albula Pass in the eastern Swiss Alps
A spatial and temporal analysis of different periglacial materials by using geoelectrical, seismic and borehole temperature data at Murtèl–Corvatsch, Upper Engadin, Swiss Alps
Emmanuel Reynard, Tarek Ben Fraj, Aziza Ghram Messedi, Hédi Ben Ouezdou, Mohamed Ouaja, and Yves Matthijs
Geogr. Helv., 77, 97–119, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-97-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-97-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The study is a geomorphological analysis of Djebel Dahar, in south-eastern Tunisia, carried out as the basis for a UNESCO Global Geopark. We made a synthesis of the geographical, geological and geomorphological context of the area, proposed a delimitation for the future geopark, based on geological and geomorphological characteristics, and established a preliminary list of geosites, indicating their scientific value and their potential for geotourism.
Heidi Megerle, Simon Martin, and Géraldine Regolini
Geogr. Helv., 77, 53–66, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-53-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-53-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In the field of regional geo-heritage promotion, this paper presents some opportunities, challenges and risks for geotope protection and geotourism.
Brice Prudat, Wolfgang Fister, Lena Bloemertz, Juliane Krenz, and Nikolaus J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 77, 39–51, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-39-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-39-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil quality depends on water availability for plants. Sandy soils with a poorly permeable layer (fragipan) are considered inept for agriculture. However they are cultivated in Namibia as they secure a minimum harvest during droughts. In order to understand the hydrological influence of fragipans in these soils, soil moisture content was measured. The results illustrate that the combination of sandy topsoil and shallow fragipan has beneficial effects on plant-available water during dry periods.
Alessandro De Pedrini, Christian Ambrosi, and Cristian Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 77, 21–37, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-21-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-21-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Monte Crenone rock avalanche of 1513 is well known on the southern side of the Alps because in 1515 it generated the largest inundation that has occurred in Switzerland in the Common Era, the Buzza di Biasca. New geological and historical observations allowed the setup of a numerical model of this major event, permitting a better definition of the chain of consequences that affected the alluvial plain of the river Ticino from Biasca to Lake Maggiore between the 16th and the 19th century.
Dorota Czerski, Daphné Giacomazzi, and Cristian Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 77, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-1-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The paper presents the results of recent geoarchaeological studies on the Ticino river alluvial plain. The sedimentological descriptions are combined with archaeological observations and constrained with radiocarbon dating. This approach, together with data from previous research and historical sources, provides an interesting overview of the eveolution of Ticino river morphosedimentary dynamics in relation to human settlements since the Neolithic.
Cristian Scapozza, Chantal Del Siro, Christophe Lambiel, and Christian Ambrosi
Geogr. Helv., 76, 401–423, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-401-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-401-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Exposure ages make it possible to determine the time of weathering of a rock surface. They can be determined from rebound values measured with the Schmidt hammer and calibrated on surfaces of known age, defined in this study thanks to historical cartography and two mule tracks built in 300 and 1250 CE, which allowed us to reconstruct glacier fluctuations over the last 3 centuries in Val Scaradra and to define the time of deglaciation and rock glacier development in the Splügenpass region.
Jonathan Bussard and Elisa Giaccone
Geogr. Helv., 76, 385–399, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-385-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-385-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In mountain environments, active geomorphological processes have a strong influence on plant diversity because they act as renovators for habitats of pioneer species. In this paper, we propose criteria to assess the ecological value of dynamic mountain geomorphosites. We show that the interest of plant communities and the influence of geomorphological processes on plant communities are fundamental criteria for assessing ecological value in an exhaustive and objective way.
Philip Greenwood, Jan Bauer, and Nikolaus J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 76, 319–333, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-319-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-319-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil erosion by wind and water is a commonly recognized phenomenon on agricultural land. Erosion in forests is studied less and generally considered to be limited because of the soil protection by vegetation. However, trees, when toppled because of old age or wind, loosen a considerable amount of soil when their roots are pulled from the ground. In addition, the holes left in the ground act as collectors for water and concentrated runoff, causing significant soil loss on forested slopes.
Cristian Scapozza, Christian Ambrosi, Massimiliano Cannata, and Tazio Strozzi
Geogr. Helv., 74, 125–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-125-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-125-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A glacial lake outburst flood hazard assessment by satellite Earth observation and numerical modelling was done for the lakes linked to the Thangothang Chhu glacier, Chomolhari area (Bhutan), combining detailed geomorphological mapping, landslide and rock glacier inventories, as well as surface displacements quantified by satellite InSAR. Outburst scenario modelling revealed that only a flood wave can have an impact on the two human settlements located downslope of the glacier.
Philippe Burkhalter, Markus Egli, and Holger Gärtner
Geogr. Helv., 74, 93–103, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-93-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-93-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A spatiotemporal reconstruction of slope movements on the edge of Lake Lucerne near the municipality of Horw, canton of Lucerne is presented. The reconstruction was realized by analyzing growth reactions of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba Mill.) trees growing on this slope. Results show that the area has been moving at least since 1948. A significant concentration of events was observed between 1990 and 2000 as well as after 2006.
Sebastián Vivero and Christophe Lambiel
Geogr. Helv., 74, 59–69, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-59-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-59-2019, 2019
Mario Kummert and Reynald Delaloye
Geogr. Helv., 73, 357–371, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-357-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-357-2018, 2018
Max Boxleitner, Susan Ivy-Ochs, Dagmar Brandova, Marcus Christl, Markus Egli, and Max Maisch
Geogr. Helv., 73, 241–252, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-241-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-241-2018, 2018
Patrick Becker, Martin Funk, Christian Schlüchter, and Kolumban Hutter
Geogr. Helv., 72, 421–442, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-421-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-421-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This article studies the ice flow in the Valais region during the last glaciation (Würm) in detail. The numerical modelling shows a discrepancy of the height of the ice cap compared to the geomorphological evidence based on trimlines. However, geomorphological evidence at the Simplon Pass indicating an ice flow from the Rhone valley into the valley of Toce was confirmed. Furthermore it is shown that for this confirmation a sufficient ice thickness is obligatory.
Patrick Becker, Julien Seguinot, Guillaume Jouvet, and Martin Funk
Geogr. Helv., 71, 173–187, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-173-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-173-2016, 2016
Frank Techel, Frédéric Jarry, Georg Kronthaler, Susanna Mitterer, Patrick Nairz, Miha Pavšek, Mauro Valt, and Gian Darms
Geogr. Helv., 71, 147–159, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-147-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-147-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
During the last 45 years, about 100 people lost their lives in avalanches in the European Alps each year. Avalanche fatalities in settlements and on transportation corridors have considerably decreased since the 1970s. In contrast, the number of avalanche fatalities during recreational activities away from avalanche-secured terrain doubled between the 1960s and 1980s and has remained relatively stable since, despite a continuing strong increase in winter backcountry recreational activities.
Rachel Luethi and Marcia Phillips
Geogr. Helv., 71, 121–131, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-121-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-121-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term borehole temperature monitoring in mountain permafrost environments is challenging under the hostile conditions reigning there. On the basis of data measured in the SLF borehole network we show situations where ground temperature data should be interpreted with caution. A selection of recently observed problems are discussed, and advantages and possible drawbacks of various solutions including data correction, measurement redundancy or alternate instrumentation are presented.
P. Greenwood, M. Hoelzle, and N. J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 70, 311–313, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-311-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-311-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Editorial introducing the special issue of Geographica Helvetica: Mapping, Measuring and Modeling in Geomorphology.
S. Müller and D. Schaub
Geogr. Helv., 70, 193–198, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-193-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-193-2015, 2015
L. Xiao, Y. Hu, P. Greenwood, and N. J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 70, 167–174, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-167-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-167-2015, 2015
C. Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 70, 135–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-135-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-135-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In the scientific literature, “protalus ramparts” can designate both a nivo-gravitational landform (also called “pronival ramparts”) and a permafrost-related landform. Thanks to a selection of eight major diagnostic criteria defined from observations carried out in the Swiss Alps, it was highlighted that the structure, ice content and creep dynamics of protalus ramparts are the same as many rock glaciers. Protalus rampart were therefore defined simply as a (small) active talus rock glacier.
C. Ambrosi and C. Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 70, 121–133, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-121-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-121-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Some examples of 3-D digital mapping for Quaternary geological and geomorphological cartography are presented in this paper. Examples concern in particular the Quaternary geological cartography around the well-know Flims rockslide area (Graubünden), performed in the framework of the GeoCover project launched by the Swiss Geological Survey, and the landslide and glacial/periglacial landform mapping and inventorying in the southern Swiss Alps (Ticino) for assessing the slope tectonic activity.
B. Staub, A. Marmy, C. Hauck, C. Hilbich, and R. Delaloye
Geogr. Helv., 70, 45–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-45-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-45-2015, 2015
P. Greenwood, S. Kuonen, W. Fister, and N. J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 70, 63–73, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-63-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-63-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Alpine and mountain slopes represent important pathways that link high-altitude grazing areas to meadows and rangelands at lower elevations. Given the acute gradients associated with such environments, we hypothesize that terracettes act as efficient runoff conveyance routes that facilitate the movement of runoff and associated material during erosion events. This hypothesis was partially disproved during a series of rainfall/runoff simulations on a well-developed terracette system, however.
M. Stähli, C. Graf, C. Scheidl, C. R. Wyss, and A. Volkwein
Geogr. Helv., 70, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-1-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-1-2015, 2015
M. Hoelzle and E. Reynard
Geogr. Helv., 68, 225–226, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-225-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-225-2013, 2013
M. Huss, A. Voinesco, and M. Hoelzle
Geogr. Helv., 68, 227–237, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-227-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-227-2013, 2013
R. Weingartner, B. Schädler, and P. Hänggi
Geogr. Helv., 68, 239–248, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-239-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-239-2013, 2013
P. Michna, W. Eugster, R. V. Hiller, M. J. Zeeman, and H. Wanner
Geogr. Helv., 68, 249–263, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-249-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-249-2013, 2013
S. Schneider, S. Daengeli, C. Hauck, and M. Hoelzle
Geogr. Helv., 68, 265–280, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-265-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-265-2013, 2013
Cited articles
Berger, C., McArdell, B. W., Fritschi, B., and Schlunegger, F.: A novel method for measuring the timing of bed erosion during debris flows and floods, Water Resour. Res., 46, W02502, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR007993, 2010.
Berger, C., McArdell, B. W., and Schlunegger, F.: Direct measurement of channel erosion by debris flows, Illgraben, Switzerland, J. Geophys. Res., 116, F01002, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JF001722, 2011.
Breien, H., Blasio, F. V. d., Elverhøi, A., and Høeg, K.: Erosion and morphology of a debris flow caused by a glacial lake outburst flood, Western Norway, Landslides, 5, 271–280, 2008.
Bühler, Y. and Graf, C.: Sediment transfer mapping in a high-alpine catchment using airborne LiDAR, Mattertal – ein Tal in Bewegung, Publikation zur Jahrestagung der Schweizerischen Geomorphologischen Gesellschaft 29 Juni–1 Juli 2011, St. Niklaus, 2013.
Bühler, Y., Marty, M., and Ginzler, C.: High resolution DEM generation in high-alpine terrain using airborne remote sensing techniques, Transaction in GIS, 16, 635–647, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01331.x, 2012.
Comiti, F., Marchi, L., Macconi, P., Arattano, M., Bertoldi, G., Borga, M., Brardinoni, F., Cavalli, M., D'Agostino, V., Penna, D., and Theule, J.: A new monitoring station for debris flows in the European Alps: first observations in the Gadria basin, Nat. Hazards, 73, 1175–1198, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1088-5, 2014.
Delaloye, R., Morard, S., Barboux, C., Abbet, D., Gruber, V., Riedo, M., and Gachet, S.: Rapidly moving rock glaciers in Mattertal, Mattertal – ein Tal in Bewegung, Publikation zur Jahrestagung der Schweizerischen Geomorphologischen Gesellschaft 29 Juni–1 Juli 2011, St. Niklaus, 2013.
Deubelbeiss, Y. and Graf, C.: Two different starting conditions in numerical debris-flow models – Case study at Dorfbach, Randa (Valais, Switzerland), Mattertal – ein Tal in Bewegung, Publikation zur Jahrestagung der Schweizerischen Geomorphologischen Gesellschaft 29 Juni–1 Juli 2011, St. Niklaus, 2013.
Fagents, S. A. and Baloga, S. M.: Toward a model for the bulking and debulking of lahars, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B10201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003986, 2006.
GHO: GHO-Geschiebemessnetz, Bericht Dorfbach VS, Bundesamt für Wasser und Geologie BWG, Bern, 16, 2004.
Graf, C. (Eds.): Mattertal – ein Tal in Bewegung. Publikation zur Jahrestagung der Schweizerischen Geomorphologischen Gesellschaft 29 Juni–1 Juli 2011, St. Niklaus, Eidg. Forschungsanstalt WSL, Birmensdorf, 2013.
Graf, C. and McArdell, B. W. Die Murgangbeobachtungsstation Randa, 6, http://www.wsl.ch/info/mitarbeitende/grafc/download/Randa_Dorfbach, 2005.
Graf, C., Fritschi, B., Meier, L., Lussi, D., and Stocker, A.: Dokumentation: Monitoringstationen Dorfbach Randa, Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL, Birmensdorf; Davos, 2011.
Graf, C., Deubelbeiss, Y., Bühler, Y., Meier, L., McArdell, B., Christen, M., and Bartelt, P.: Gefahrenkartierung Mattertal: Grundlagenbeschaffung und numerische Modellierung von Murgängen 29 Juni–1 Juli 2011, Mattertal – ein Tal in Bewegung, Publikation zur Jahrestagung der Schweizerischen Geomorphologischen Gesellschaft St. Niklaus, 2013.
Harris, C., Arenson, L. U., Christiansen, H. H., Etzelmüller, B., Frauenfelder, R., Gruber, S., Haeberli, W., Hauck, C., Hölzle, M., Humlum, O., Isaksen, K., Kääb, A., Kern-Lütschg, M. A., Lehning, M., Matsuoka, N., Murton, J. B., Nötzli, J., Phillips, M., Ross, N., Seppälä, M., Springman, S. M., and Vonder Mühll, D.: Permafrost and climate in Europe: Monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses, Earth-Sci. Rev., 92, 117–171, 2009.
Hassan, M. A. and Ergenzinger, P.: Use of tracers in fluvial geomorphology, in: Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology, edited by: Kondolf, G. M. and Piégay, H., John Wiley, Chichester; UK, 397–423, 2003.
Heritage, G. L. and Hetherington, D.: Towards a protocol for laser scanning in fluvial geomorphology, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 32, 66–74, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1375, 2007.
Hungr, O.: Classification and terminoloty, in: Debris-flow hazards and related phenomena, edited by: Jakob, M. and Hungr, O., Springer, Berlin, 9–23, 2005.
Hungr, O., McDougall, S., and Bovis, M.: Entrainment of material by debris flows, in: Debris-flow hazards and related phenomena, edited by: Jakob, M., and Hungr, O., Springer, Berlin, 135–158, 2005.
Iverson, R. M.: Debris Flow, in: Encyclopedia of Geomorphology, edited by: Goudie, A. S., Psychology Press, London, 225–225, 2004.
Iverson, R. M., Reid, M. E., Logan, M., LaHusen, R. G., Godt, J. W., and Griswold, J. P.: Positive feedback and momentum growth during debris-flow entrainment of wet bed sediment, Nature Geosci., 4, 116–121, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1040, 2011.
Jakob, M. and Hungr, O. (Eds.): Debris-flow hazards and related phenomena, Springer, Berlin, 739, 2005.
James, L. A., Hodgson, M. E., Ghoshal, S., and Latiolais, M. M.: Geomorphic change detection using historic maps and DEM differencing: The temporal dimension of geospatial analysis, Geomorphology, 137, 181–198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.10.039, 2012.
James, M. R. and Robson, S.: Straightforward reconstruction of 3D surfaces and topography with a camera: Accuracy and geoscience application, J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf., 117, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jf002289, 2012.
Keiler, M., Knight, J., and Harrison, S.: Climate change and geomorphological hazards in the eastern European Alps, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. London A, 368, 2461–2479, 2010.
Leica: Leica ScanStation C10/C5 Gebrauchsanweisung: Version 5.0, 156, 2012.
LTI (Inc., L. T.): TruPulse 360/360B: Gebrauchsanleitung 2. Ausgabe, 20 April 2009, 62, 2009.
McCoy, S. W., Kean, J. W., Coe, J. A., Staley, D. M., Wasklewicz, T. A., and Tucker, G. E.: Evolution of a natural debris flow: In situ measurements of flow dynamics, video imagery, and terrestrial laser scanning, Geology, 38, 735–738, 2010.
McCoy, S. W., Coe, J. A., Kean, J. W., Tucker, G. E., Staley, D. M., and Wasklewicz, T. A.: Observations of Debris Flows at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado, USA: Part 1, In situ Measurements of Flow Dynamics, Tracer Particle Movement and Video Imagery from the Summer of 2009, in: Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, edited by: Genevois, R., Hamilton, D. L., and Prestininzi, A., Casa Editrice Università La Sapienza, Rome, 65–75, 2011.
McCoy, S. W., Kean, J. W., Coe, J. A., Tucker, G. E., Staley, D. M., and Wasklewicz, T. A.: Sediment entrainment by debris flows: In situ measurements from the headwaters of a steep catchment, J. Geophys. Res, 117, F03016, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jf002278, 2012.
Nitsche, M., Turowski, J. M., Badoux, A., Pauli, M., Schneider, J., Rickenmann, D., and Kohoutek, T. K.: Measuring streambed morphology using range imaging, in: River Flow 2010: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, edited by: Dittrich, K., Koll, A., Aberle, J., and Geisenhainer, P., Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau, Karlsruhe, 1715–1722, 2010.
Nitsche, M., Turowski, J. M., Badoux, A., Rickenmann, D., Kohoutek, T. K., Pauli, M., and Kirchner, J. W.: Range imaging: a new method for high-resolution topographic measurements in small- and medium-scale field sites, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 38, 810–825, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3322, 2012.
Oguchi, T., Hayakawa, S., and Wasklewicz, T. A.: Data Sources, in: Geomorphological Mapping, edited by: Smith, M. J., Paron, P., and Griffiths, J. S., 15, Elsevier, Oxford, 189–224, 2011.
Rickenmann, D., Hürlimann, M., Graf, C., Näf, D., and Weber, D.: Murgang-Beobachtungsstationen in der Schweiz, Wasser Energie Luft, 93, 1–8, 2001.
Rimböck, A., Barben, M., Gruber, H., Hübl, J., Moser, M., Rickenmann, D., Schober, S., and Schwaller, G.: OptiMeth – Beitrag zur optimalen Anwendung von Methoden zur Beschreibung von Wildbachprozessen, Internationale Forschungsgesellschaft INTERPRAEVENT, Klagenfurt 2013.
Rumsby, B. T., Brasington, J., Langham, J. A., McLelland, S. J., Middleton, R., and Rollinson, G.: Monitoring and modelling particle and reach-scale morphological change in gravel-bed rivers: Applications and challenges: Challenges in Geomorphological Methods and Techniques, Geomorphology, 93, 40–54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.12.017, 2008.
Santi, P. M., Dewolfe, V. G., Higgins, J. D., Cannon, S. H., and Gartner, J. E.: Sources of debris flow material in burned areas, Geomorphology, 96, 310–321, 2008.
Sattler, K., Keiler, M., Zischg, A., and Schrott, L.: On the connection between debris-flow activity and permafrost degradation – a case study from the Schnalstal, South Tyrolean Alps, Italy, Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 22, 254–265 2011.
Scheidl, C., Rickenmann, D., and Chiari, M.: The use of airborne LiDAR data for the analysis of debris flow events in Switzerland, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 8, 1113–1127, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-8-1113-2008, 2008.
Schneider, J., Hegglin, R., Turowski, J. M., Nitsche, M., and Rickenmann, D.: Studying sediment transport in mountain rivers by mobile and stationary RFID antennas, in: River Flow 2010: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, edited by: Dittrich, K., Koll, A., Aberle, J., and Geisenhainer, P., Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau, Karlsruhe, 1723–1730, 2010.
Schürch, P., Densmore, A. L., Rosser, N. J., Lim, M., and McArdell, B. W.: Detection of surface change in complex topography using terrestrial laser scanning: application to the Illgraben debris-flow channel, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 36, 1847–1859, 2011a.
Schürch, P., Densmore, A. L., Rosser, N. J., and McArdell, B. W.: Dynamic controls on erosion and deposition on debris-flow fans, Geology, 39, 827–830, 2011b.
Smith, M. J., Paron, P., and Griffiths, J. S. (Eds.): Geomorphological Mapping: Methods and Applications, Elsevier, Oxford, 2011.
Stock, J. D. and Dietrich, W. E.: Erosion of steepland valleys by debris flows, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 118, 1125–1148, https://doi.org/10.1130/b25902.1, 2006.
Stoffel, M., Bollschweiler, M., and Beniston, M.: Rainfall characteristics for periglacial debris flows in the Swiss Alps: past incidences – potential future evolutions, Climatic Change, 105, 263–280, 2011.
Theler, D., Reynard, E., Lambiel, C., and Bardou, E.: The contribution of geomorphological mapping to sediment transfer evaluation in small alpine catchments, Geomorphology, 124, 113–123, 2010.
Theule, J. I., Liébault, F., Loye, A., Laigle, D., and Jaboyedoff, M.: Sediment budget monitoring of debris-flow and bedload transport in the Manival Torrent, SE France, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 12, 731–749, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-731-2012, 2012.
Trimble: Datenblatt. Geoexplorer GEOXH Feldcomputer Serie 6000: http://trl.trimble.com/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-528628/022501-254B-DEU_GeoXH6000_DS_0411_MGIS_LR.pdf (last access: 27 February 2012), 2011.
van Westen, C. J., Asch, T. W. J., and Soeters, R.: Landslide hazard and risk zonation – why is it still so difficult?, Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 65, 167–184, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-005-0023-0, 2006.
Wasklewicz, T. A. and Hattanji, T.: High-Resolution Analysis of Debris Flow–Induced Channel Changes in a Headwater Stream, Ashio Mountains, Japan, The Professional Geographer, 61, 231–249, https://doi.org/10.1080/00330120902743225, 2009.
Weber, D.: Untersuchungen zum Fliess- und Erosionsverhalten granularer Murgänge, Eidg. Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule ETH, Birmensdorf, 2004.
Westoby, M. J., Brasington, J., Glasser, N. F., Hambrey, M. J., and Reynolds, J. M.: `Structure-from-Motion' photogrammetry: A low-cost, effective tool for geoscience applications, Geomorphology, 179, 300–314, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.08.021, 2012.
Short summary
The erosion of and depositions on channel bed surfaces are instrumental to understanding debris flow processes. We present different methods and highlight their pro and cons. Terrestrial and airborne laser scanning, erosion sensors, cross sections and geomorphological mapping are compared. Two of these approaches are tested and applied in a torrent. The results indicate that the methods are associated with variable temporal and spatial resolution as well as data quality and invested effort.
The erosion of and depositions on channel bed surfaces are instrumental to understanding debris...
Theme issue